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Figures in Case Report by Peter Petros(*) - Michael Swash(**)

(*) Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia
(**) Dept of Neurology, The Royal London Hospital, London, UK

Experimental Study No. 4: Abdominal pressure increase during anorectal closure is secondary to striated pelvic muscle contraction


(Fig. 1)

Straining X-ray, sitting position.

Figure 1. – Straining X-ray, sitting position. With reference to “F”, lower border of femur, bladder, proximal vagina (V) and rectum ( R) are stretched backwards and downwards during straining. Note downward angulation of levator plate (LP).

 


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(Fig. 2)


“Squeezing” X-ray, sitting position.
Fig. 2. – “Squeezing” X-ray, sitting position. With reference to “F”, lower border of femur, bladder, proximal vagina (V) and rectum (R) are stretched upwards and forwards. Note horizontal position of levator plate (LP).

 

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(Fig. 3)

 

Simultaneous bladder and EMG measurements
Fig. 3. – Simultaneous bladder and EMG measurements from the posterior vaginal fornix during straining (S) and squeezing (SQ). B = abdominal pressure as recorded in the bladder.

 

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